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Objective:To compare the clinical effects robot navigation assisted and conventional proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) implantation and fixation in the treatment of elderly femoral trochanteric fractures.Methods:A total of 86 elderly patients with tuberosity fracture of the femur were admitted as research samples from January to March in 2022 in the Department of Trauma Orthopaedic, Xi′an Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi′an Jiaotong University, including 37 males and 49 females, who aged from 63 to 92 years, with an average age of (79.6 ± 6.9) years. All patients were treated with intramedullary nails (PFNA), 32 with dimensity robotic-assisted therapy (robot group) and 54 with traditional methods (conventional group). The length of incision, the number of intraoperative fluoroscopy, the amount of intraoperative blood loss, and the operation time were recorded. The occurrence of postoperative complications in the two groups was observed. The rate of excellent hip Harris score at 3 month after surgery was compared between the two groups. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as mean ± standard deviation( ± s), and the comparison between groups was conducted using the t-test; the comparison of count data were represented as [ n(%)], and was conducted by Chi-square test or Fisher exact probability between groups. Results:All patients were followed up for 9 to 12 months, with an average of (10.6 ± 0.9) months. The incision length and tip apex distance (TAD) of the robot group were (3.40±0.82) cm and (21.85±1.44) mm, which were smaller than (4.82±0.75) cm and (26.83±1.75) mm in the conventional group ( P<0.05 for all). The number of intraoperative fluoroscopy and guide needle adjustment [(14.53±3.26) and 0 times] in the robot group were less than those in the conventional group [(20.67±4.84) and (2.83±1.42)] ( P<0.05). The intraoperative blood loss and drainage rate of the robot group were (87.03±9.41) and (46.40±8.91) mL, which were smaller than that of the conventional group [(110.00±12.52) and (69.62±10.22) mL] ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the number of days of hospitalization and operation time between the two groups ( P>0.05). The postoperative complication rate in the robot group was 9.4%, which was lower than that in conventional group (42.6%), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=11.88, P=0.036). The excellent rate of postoperative hip joint function in the robot group was 75.0%, and the conventional group was 66.7%, and there was no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=0.66, P=0.416). Conclusion:Robot-assisted navigation downward PFNA surgery can have good clinical effect in the treatment of femoral tuberosity fracture in the elderly, which can reduce the number of surgical incisions and intraoperative fluoroscopy, and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, which is helpful to achieve minimally invasive surgery and rapid recovery of elderly patients with femoral tuberosity fracture.
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Background and Objectives@#Venous thromboembolism (VTE), consisting of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is highly prevalent in in-hospital HF patients and contributes to worse prognoses. However, the risk of VTE in out-patients with HF in long-term period is controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between HF and the risk of VTE in a long-term follow-up duration. @*Methods@#We searched for studies investigating the risk of VTE, PE, and DVT in patients with HF before April 15, 2020, in PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase databases. Cohort studies and post hoc analysis of RCTs were eligible for inclusion if they reported relative risk of VTE, DVT or PE in patients with HF in more than 3-month follow-up period. @*Results@#We identified 31 studies that enrolled over 530,641 HF patients. Overall, patients with HF were associated with an increased risk of VTE (risk ratio [RR]=1.57, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.34–1.84) and PE (RR=2.00, 95% CI=1.38–2.89). However, the risk of DVT was not significantly increased in HF patients (RR=1.33, 95% CI=0.67–2.63). Subgroup analysis showed that patients with chronic HF (RR=1.54, 95% CI=1.32–1.80) had a higher risk of VTE than those with acute HF (RR=0.95, 95% CI=0.68–1.32). @*Conclusions@#In conclusion, HF was an independent risk for VTE and PE but not DVT in a longterm follow-up period. Patients with chronic HF were prone to suffer from VTE than acute HF.
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Background and Objectives@#Venous thromboembolism (VTE), consisting of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is highly prevalent in in-hospital HF patients and contributes to worse prognoses. However, the risk of VTE in out-patients with HF in long-term period is controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between HF and the risk of VTE in a long-term follow-up duration. @*Methods@#We searched for studies investigating the risk of VTE, PE, and DVT in patients with HF before April 15, 2020, in PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase databases. Cohort studies and post hoc analysis of RCTs were eligible for inclusion if they reported relative risk of VTE, DVT or PE in patients with HF in more than 3-month follow-up period. @*Results@#We identified 31 studies that enrolled over 530,641 HF patients. Overall, patients with HF were associated with an increased risk of VTE (risk ratio [RR]=1.57, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.34–1.84) and PE (RR=2.00, 95% CI=1.38–2.89). However, the risk of DVT was not significantly increased in HF patients (RR=1.33, 95% CI=0.67–2.63). Subgroup analysis showed that patients with chronic HF (RR=1.54, 95% CI=1.32–1.80) had a higher risk of VTE than those with acute HF (RR=0.95, 95% CI=0.68–1.32). @*Conclusions@#In conclusion, HF was an independent risk for VTE and PE but not DVT in a longterm follow-up period. Patients with chronic HF were prone to suffer from VTE than acute HF.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of protecting the saphenous nerve with the suture anchor on repairing the medial collateral ligament injury of the knee joint. Methods From June 2014 to June 2016, 48 cases of medial collateral ligament injuries of the knee joint were repaired with suture anchors of the saphenous nerve in the 107th Hospital of PLA. Results All patients were followed up for 12-18 months, with an average of 14.6 months. All the patients were followed up with good stability of the knee joint. The 30 degree flexion stress test of the knee joint showed that 2 cases were positive forⅠdegree, and the stress test of the extension position was negative. The X-ray examination showed that the internal and external articular space of the knee joint was symmetrical and good, and the anchors did not loose or move in the bone. The average knee flexion before operation was (43.19 ± 2.60)°, and 1 year after operation was (135.62 ± 3.68) °. And the flexion of knee 1 year after operation was higher than that before operation (t=5.37, P<0.01). The Lysholm score was (43.19 ± 2.60) points before operation, and 1 year after operation was (93.69 ± 5.39) points, and the postoperative score was higher than that before operation (t=4.85, P<0.01). The grade of efficacy was excellent in 42 cases, good in 4 cases, fair in 2 cases, and the excellent and good rate was 95.8％(46/48). Conclusions The repair of medial collateral ligament injury with suture anchors under the protection of the hidden nerve can effectively prevent the symptoms of numbness in the medial area of the knee joint. It is simple, fixed and can be repaired under direct vision. It is reliable to restore the strength of the ligament and maintain the stability of the medial knee joint. It is worthy of clinical push and wide application.
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Objective:To study the effects of Ti-TiO2 nanotubes with different diameters on the proliferation,stretching and collagen secretion of fibroblasts.Methods:TiO2 nanotubes formed at 1,5,10 and 20 V potentials served as the experimental samples and polished pure titanium served as the control.Fibroblasts was cultivated on the surface of the various samples.MTT assay was used to examine the cell proliferation.The surface morphology of the cells was observed with SEM.Collagen secrection was tested by sirius red/bitter acid staining.Results:The nanotubes prepared by 1,5,10 and 20 V were with the diameter of 15,30,50 and 100 nm respectively.At day 1,3 and 5,the cell proliferation on polished pure titanium surface was more than that on the nanotubes surfaces at the same time;at day 5,cell proliferation on 100 nm nanotubes was significantly more than that on the other nanotube surfaces (P ＜ 0.01).At day 3,fibroblasts at polished pure titanium surface stretched as typical long spindle form,while with obvious pseudopodium at nanotube surfaces.The collagen secretion of fibroblasts was highest at 100 nm nanotubes (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion:100 nm nanotubes may have minimal negative effect on fibroblast proliferation and the greatest positive effect on the collagen secretion.
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Objective To determine the protective effect of osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK) and RANK ligand (RANKL) on avascular necrosis femoral head.Methods Necrotic tissue or corresponding normal tissues were collected from 29 avascular necrosis femoral head patients.Quantitative Real TimePCR ( qPCR ) is used to evaluate mRNA expression of OPG , RANK and RANKL.OPG and RANKL protein levels were estimated by Western blot.Results The results of qPCR showed that the expression of OPG in the necrotic tissue was significantly higher than that in the normal tissue (4.56 ±0.37) (3.39 ±0.52) (P<0.05).The expression levels of RANKL mRNA in necrotic tissues and normal tissues were (0.86 ±0.11) and (0.31 ±0.08), respectively,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The expression levels of RANK mRNA in necrotic tissues and normal tissmes were(0.87 ±0.12), (0.56 ±0.13) respectively,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The ratio of RANKL/OPG and RANK/OPG in normal tissues were 0.69 and 0.52, respectively.In the necrotic tissues, RANKL/OPG and RANK/OPG ratios were 1.35 and 0.61, respectively.Results of Western blot showed that the expression of OPG in necrotic tissues was consistent with that in normal tissues.The expression of RANKL protein was detected in all samples , and the expression of RANKL protein in necrotic tissue and normal tissue was almost the same.RANK protein expression was not detected in all samples.Conclusion OPG, RANK and RANKL play important roles in progress of bone remodeling in necrotic area and in disturbance of bone homeostasis and might have an effect on bone destruction and subsequent collapse of hip joint.
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BACKGROUND:Compared with the titanium with smooth surface, TiO2 nanotubes are more beneficial for the early cel adhesion. OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress of the effect of TiO2 nanotubes on peri-implant cel s. METHODS:A computer-based retrieval of CNKI, CqVip, WanFang and PubMed databases was performed for pertinent literatures published between 1990 to 2016, using the Chinese keywords of“TiO2 nanotubes or titanium dioxide nanotubes and implant”, and English keywords of“TiO2 nanotubes implant, Tio2 nanotubes cel”. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The main factors that TiO2 nanotubes affect the peri-implant cel behaviors include the tubular morphology, size, TiO2 crystal structure, as wel as surface chemical compositions, roughness and hydrophilicity and free energy. The influence factors of TiO2 nanotubes for cel s are not only related to the tube diameter, but also associated with cel types. Different cel types hold different diameters suitable for the cel adhesion, proliferation and differentiation on the material surface. Therefore, it is advisable to select the best nanotube size for different tissues and cel s applied in different biomedical fields.
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Objective To investigate the effect of rapid repeated cold air inhalation stimulation on cold-sensitive chan-nel transient receptor potential ankyrin 1(TRPA1) associated inflammatory cytokines in living lungs .Methods A total of 20 male Wistar rats were randomly and evenly divided into 4 groups:cold air inhalation group , warm air inhalation group , TRPA1 channel agonist inhalation group and normal group , respectively . Tracheal intubation was carried out after anesthesia in rats of cold air inhalation group , and the tubes were linked to the air temperature controlled device with the temperature controlled at ( 2 ±1 )℃.The rats of warm air inhalation group were treated in the same way as cold air inhalation group except for the temperature at (36 ±1)℃.The rats of both groups were treated for 3 times, 1 hour each time.There were 12 hour intervals between treatments .The rats of TRPA1 channel agonist inhalation group were treated with atomizing inhalation of 60 mmol/L acrolein at room temperature (24 ±2)℃for 3 times, 1 hour each time.There were 12 hour intervals between two treatments .The rats were sacrificed after the last treatment .The tracheas and left lung tissues of all rats were taken and total RNA was extracted .The mRNA expressions of TRPA1, interleukin 1 beta ( IL-1β), interleukin 5(IL-5),and neutrophil chemoattractant chemokine (CXCL-1/KC)in the rat lungs were detected by real-time quantitative PCR .Results TRPA1 was expressed in rat lung tissues .In the short term cold air inhalation group , the expressions of IL-1β,IL-5 and CXCL-1/KC mRNA in the rat lungs were higher than those of the warm air inhalation or the normal groups .Similar results were also found in the specific TRPA 1 channel positive agonist ( acrolein ) inhalation group . Conclusion In living animals, the TRPA1 channels of the lungs can be activated by short-term cold air(<17℃),which results in the increasing expression of some inflammatory cytokines in lungs .
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Objective To establish the CTRP4 transgenic mouse model and investigate the function of the novel adipocytokine CTRP4.Methods CTRP4 overexpressing vector in pCAGGS was firstly constructed and then microinjected into zygote to establish the founder transgenic mice .F1 heterozygotes were generated by founder mice mating with wildtype mice, and the CTRP4 transgenic homozygotes were generated by F 1 littermates.The genotype was confirmed by PCR and test cross method .The expression level of CTRP 4 in transgenic mice was detected by western blot .Result The human CTRP4 transgenic homozygote mice line was established , and the expression level of CTRP 4 was confirmed raletively high in detected tissues including heart , liver, brain and kidney . Conclusion The human CTRP4 transgenic mice was successfully established .
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Objective To discuss clinical characteriistics of APE and therapeutic effect of thrombolysis or anticoagulation so as to reduce false or misdiagnosis rate and improve survival rate.Methods The clinical data of 122 inpatients with APE were reviewed.Results The most common risk factors were deep venous thrombosis,age over 60 years old,cardiac disease,surgical operation,diabetes,fracture,long-term immobilization,etc.The most frequent symptom was dyspnea.D-dimmer measure had high sensitivity.By means of color Doppler echocardiography,spiral computed tomography,pulmonary ventilation/perfusion scanning,the cases were finally diagnosed.Positive treatment of thrombolysis and anticoagulation could reduce mortality.Conclusion As clinical manifestations of APE are non-specific,clinician should be alert.D-dimmer measue could be screening.The standardized treatment can improve prognosis significantly.
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Objective To study the effect of IFN-γ inhalation via aerosol on cytokines of the immunocompromised rats. Methods Immunocomprised rat model was established with cortisol acetate injection for 14 d and then Candida albicans fluid was injected by tracheal for establishing am immuno comprised with pulmonary infection model. IFN-γ was inhaled with aerosol 1 d before the bacterium injection and then for 1, 3 and 7 d respectively. The activity of TNF-α, and the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the supernatant of the cultured alveolar macrophage(AM), the activity of IFN-γ and TNF-α in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF), the expressions of IFN-γ,TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 of the lung tissues, the level of IFN-γ,IL-1β, and IL-6 in the serum were investigated. Results The activity of TNF-α, and the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the culture supernatant of the AM of the rats treated with IFN-γ were significantly higher than those of the control. The activity of IFN-γ and TNF-α in BALF was higher in the IFN-γ inhaled rats than in the control (except the activity of TNF-α on the 7th day). The expressions of IFN-γ and IL-1β in lung tissues was higher in the rats treated with IFN-γ than in the control. The expression of TNF-α in the rats treated with IFN-γ was less than that in the control rats. The expression of IL-6 had no difference between 2 groups. And no difference was found in the activity of IFN-γ, and the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the serum between 2 groups(except IL-1β on the 3rd day). Conclusion Administration of IFN-γ via aerosol can obviously increase the activity or levels of some cytokines in the lung of the immunocompromised rats, but has no effect on them in serum of the immunocompromised rats.
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Objective To study the effect of IFN-γ inhalation via aerosol on cytokines of the immunocompromised rats. Methods Immunocomprised rat model was established with cortisol acetate injection for 14 d and then Candida albicans fluid was injected by tracheal for establishing am immuno comprised with pulmonary infection model. IFN-γ was inhaled with aerosol 1 d before the bacterium injection and then for 1, 3 and 7 d respectively. The activity of TNF-α, and the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the supernatant of the cultured alveolar macrophage(AM), the activity of IFN-γ and TNF-α in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF), the expressions of IFN-γ,TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 of the lung tissues, the level of IFN-γ,IL-1β, and IL-6 in the serum were investigated. Results The activity of TNF-α, and the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the culture supernatant of the AM of the rats treated with IFN-γ were significantly higher than those of the control. The activity of IFN-γ and TNF-α in BALF was higher in the IFN-γ inhaled rats than in the control (except the activity of TNF-α on the 7th day). The expressions of IFN-γ and IL-1β in lung tissues was higher in the rats treated with IFN-γ than in the control. The expression of TNF-α in the rats treated with IFN-γ was less than that in the control rats. The expression of IL-6 had no difference between 2 groups. And no difference was found in the activity of IFN-γ, and the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the serum between 2 groups(except IL-1β on the 3rd day). Conclusion Administration of IFN-γ via aerosol can obviously increase the activity or levels of some cytokines in the lung of the immunocompromised rats, but has no effect on them in serum of the immunocompromised rats.
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Objective To study the effect of IFN-γ inhalation via aerosol on cytokines of the immunocompromised rats. Methods Immunocomprised rat model was established with cortisol acetate injection for 14 d and then Candida albicans fluid was injected by tracheal for establishing am immuno comprised with pulmonary infection model. IFN-γ was inhaled with aerosol 1 d before the bacterium injection and then for 1, 3 and 7 d respectively. The activity of TNF-α, and the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the supernatant of the cultured alveolar macrophage(AM), the activity of IFN-γ and TNF-α in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF), the expressions of IFN-γ,TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 of the lung tissues, the level of IFN-γ,IL-1β, and IL-6 in the serum were investigated. Results The activity of TNF-α, and the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the culture supernatant of the AM of the rats treated with IFN-γ were significantly higher than those of the control. The activity of IFN-γ and TNF-α in BALF was higher in the IFN-γ inhaled rats than in the control (except the activity of TNF-α on the 7th day). The expressions of IFN-γ and IL-1β in lung tissues was higher in the rats treated with IFN-γ than in the control. The expression of TNF-α in the rats treated with IFN-γ was less than that in the control rats. The expression of IL-6 had no difference between 2 groups. And no difference was found in the activity of IFN-γ, and the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the serum between 2 groups(except IL-1β on the 3rd day). Conclusion Administration of IFN-γ via aerosol can obviously increase the activity or levels of some cytokines in the lung of the immunocompromised rats, but has no effect on them in serum of the immunocompromised rats.
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1∶2,inspiratory press
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AIM: To study the effect of IFN-? inhalation on the anti-infection ability of the lungs in the immunocompromised host. METHODS: The immunological factors in the immunocompromised rats and the immunocompromised rats administrated IFN-? via aerosol were investigated after 1, 3, 7 days when they were injected Candida albicans via tracheal The Canidda albicans count of the left lung was also determined after 7 days when injecting pathogen. RESULTS: The Canidda albicans count of the left lung in IFN-? group was significantly less than that of control group. The phagocyting and bactericidal percentages, Ia antigen expression percentages, the levels of TNF-?, IL-1? and IL-6 in the culture supernatant of the AM, the activity of IFN-? and TNF-? in BALF (except the TNF-? on 7 th day) in IFN-? group were markedly higher than those in control group. The expression of IFN-? and IL-1? pulmonary tissues in IFN-? group was higher than that in control group. The expression of TNF-? in IFN-? group was less than that in control group. The expression of IL-6 was no changes between two groups. The levels of IFN-?, IL-1? and IL-6 in the blood (except IL-1? on 3 rd day), and the killing ability of the lymphocytes in blood had no difference between two groups. CONCLUSION: Administration of IFN-? via aerosol obviously enhanced the anti-infection ability of the lungs in the immunocompromised host, but has no influence on the whole body cellular immunity.
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To study the possibility of enhancing IFN ? level in the lung of rats by gene transfection. The recombined IFN ? expression vector in eukaryotic cell was constructed, and it was transfected into lungs of immunocompromised rats. The expression of pLXSN IFN and pLXSN in the genomic DNA of the transfected cells was investigated, and the level and activity of IFN ? in the BALF and sera was assessed. The results showed that the sequence of the IFN ? gene in the constructed recombinant pLXSN IFN eukaryotic cell was the same as that of the IFN ? of rats found in the Gene Bank. The band of transfected plasmid was found when the eletrophoresis analysis of PCR product of genomic DNA of the transfected cells in BALF was done. It could still be the found 21 days after transfection. The level and activity of IFN ? in the BALF of the transfected pLXSN IFN group were markedly higher than those of transfected pLXSN group.On the other hand, the level and activity of IFN ? in sera showed no difference between the two groups. It was suggested that the constructed recombinant IFN ? exprossion vector in eukaryotic cell could be transfected into the cells of the lungs of rats successfully, inserted into the genomic DNA, resulting in active secretion of IFN ?, and prolongation of its expression.